Clinical Case Reports for the Evidence-Based Era

Surgery is an indispensable part of the combined treatment of people with adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Depending on the location, it takes the form of anterior resection (AR) or amputation (ASAR, resp. APR): the latter type of procedure, performed in patients with low-lying lesions, involves with mutilation in the form of the emergence of a permanent fecal fistula. The decision on the choice of surgery is based on an analysis of studies determining, among other things, the local condition.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare birth defect with a high mortality rate, resulting from pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension. In order to optimize treatment outcomes prenatal diagnosis is important, providing the opportunity to choose further management.

One of the most common causes of hematuria in children is acute glomerulonephritis. Diseases genetically determined, including Alport syndrome, are among the rarer causes.

A 2-month-old male infant was admitted to the Department of Pediatric Surgery with a suspected right-sided diaphragmatic hernia. After imaging studies were performed, it was decided to perform thoracoscopy. Intraoperatively, hypoplastic right lung tissue with a residual pleural cavity was found. The analysis of the present case and the diagnostic and therapeutic process carried out is an example that the imaging studies performed do not always allow us to make a correct preoperative diagnosis. Despite performing the examinations recommended in similar cases, making the correct diagnosis turned out to be possible only intraoperatively.