Clinical Case Reports for the Evidence-Based Era

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare birth defect with a high mortality rate, resulting from pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension. In order to optimize treatment outcomes prenatal diagnosis is important, providing the opportunity to choose further management.

One of the most common causes of hematuria in children is acute glomerulonephritis. Diseases genetically determined, including Alport syndrome, are among the rarer causes.

A 2-month-old male infant was admitted to the Department of Pediatric Surgery with a suspected right-sided diaphragmatic hernia. After imaging studies were performed, it was decided to perform thoracoscopy. Intraoperatively, hypoplastic right lung tissue with a residual pleural cavity was found. The analysis of the present case and the diagnostic and therapeutic process carried out is an example that the imaging studies performed do not always allow us to make a correct preoperative diagnosis. Despite performing the examinations recommended in similar cases, making the correct diagnosis turned out to be possible only intraoperatively.

Nutritional therapy is a new and rapidly growing field of medicine. It is widely used in all medical specialties. This article is the first in a series of articles on practical application of knowledge regarding nutritional assessment, qualification for nutritional intervention and guiding nutrient supplementation in medical patients.